Reading for Main Ideas: Paragraph Patterns by Developing Reading Versatility
IELTS Reading
Matching Headings Questions
On this folio, we're going to look at 'matching headings' questions. They can be some of the nigh challenging of the IELTS Reading test.
The aim of this type of question is,
to test if y'all are able to understand the chief idea of each paragraph .
There are 2 possible strategies for answering matching heading questions:
1) Read text commencement, then headings.
2) Read headings first, and then text.
Some teachers will tell yous to always read the text before yous look at the headings while others say you should definitely read the headings first.
Personally, I think the first strategy is the easiest. Even so, my communication is to try both when you're practicing to encounter which 1 works best for you. Different people process information in different ways so one method may adapt y'all better than the other.
Either fashion, if a matching headings question does come upwardly for one of the texts in your exam, do information technology first. Past doing so, yous'll already understand the primary ideas of the text by the fourth dimension you get to the other questions. This will save you a lot of fourth dimension.
Before we await at the 2 strategies in detail, I want to quickly highlight the primary problems students encounter with these types of questions and also give you some central tips.
Key problems:
- In that location are more headings than paragraphs – this makes information technology harder to narrow down the correct ones.
- Some headings will be very similar in meaning.
- It's easy to misfile specific details in a paragraph with the main idea – they may be different.
- Synonyms and paraphrasing will often be used.
- It's like shooting fish in a barrel to spend too much fourth dimension on this type of question.
Cardinal tips:
- Cross out each heading in the test booklet as you match it to a paragraph. This will eliminate it from farther consideration every bit yous move onto other paragraphs.
- Work through the paragraphs in social club just move on if yous're struggling to find the heading friction match. Come dorsum to it once you've eliminated more headings and have fewer to choose between.
So, let's wait at the two strategies in detail.
Strategy ane – Read Text First, Then Headings
Follow these steps.
1) Read the instructions
Information technology's vital that you understand what you have to do. Here's an example of how the instructions will be gear up out. Information technology'south taken from a real IELTS Reading paper.
In the middle of the instructions are the headings simply remember, for this starting time strategy don't read them yet.
There volition sometimes be a sample respond for illustration. In this case, it's the answer to Department East. Knowing this reply means that yous can immediately cross out 'heading vi' in the list of headings and eliminate it from further consideration.
Source: Official IELTS website – world wide web.ielts.org
2) Read the first paragraph
Your aim is to identify the principal idea. Focus on the first one or two sentences and the last sentence every bit these will usually introduce and summarise this chief idea. Skim read the residue of the text. You do non need to know the detail for this type of question.
Annotation that occasionally a section will contain more than than ane paragraph. In this case, you lot'll need to find the main idea in each paragraph.
3) Summarise the main thought
Briefly sum up the main idea of the paragraph in your ain words as if you were writing your own heading. Do it in just a few words or a short phrase at the most. Write this beside it.
iv) Read the headings
Now information technology's time to read the list of headings. As you practice so, try to match your summary of the first paragraph to one of the headings. Make sure that y'all read them all carefully and don't only select the first one that seems to match as there may be two that are very like in pregnant.
Look out for central words as clues merely also synonyms as these are very probable to be used.
Let's practice the steps and then far.
Here'south the first Section (paragraph) of our sample text. If yous haven't already read the instructions, whorl support and do and then, but don't read the headings still.
And then work through steps 2-4 and come across if y'all tin can place the correct heading. I've underlined the first and last sentences to highlight them for yous.
Source: Official IELTS website – www.ielts.org
This heading is quite easy to friction match every bit the main idea is made clear in the very first sentence, frequently chosen the topic sentence.
The answer is:
v. Governments and management of the surround
Did you go it right?
If you didn't, go dorsum and study the paragraph again and see if you can work out why it is the correct match.
five) Echo for all sections
Repeat these steps for each section of the text.
If y'all get stuck on a detail paragraph, move on and come up back to information technology when yous've matched more heading and crossed them off the list. Information technology volition exist easier to find the i yous're struggling with when there are fewer headings to choose from
six) Like headings
Where yous take two very similar headings and tin can't decide which is the right ane, write them out 1 under the other to assistance yous focus in on the difference between them.
vii) Eliminate used headings
Once you have matched a heading, cross through it in pencil to eliminate it from further consideration.
Strategy ii – Read Headings First, Then Text
Follow these steps.
1) Read the headings
First, read the full instructions, including the headings, then focus in on the headings.
Read each carefully and endeavor to sympathize what it means. Remember, each volition summarise the main idea of the paragraph information technology matches.
Besides retrieve that there will be more headings than paragraphs so yous won't demand them all.
two) Underline key words
If a heading contains names, numbers, dates or place names, underline these to place them as key words that should exist easy to spot in the text. Or at that place may be a key noun that stands out. It could be i that occurs in more than one heading.
Doing this will help you to match data in the text and headings equally you read each paragraph.
Here'south are the instructions of our sample text for Strategy two. Again, it's taken from a existent IELTS Reading newspaper.
Have a go at these first two steps.
3) Identify similar titles
At that place volition often exist ii headings with a similar pregnant which can brand it difficult to determine which i is the correct match.
If you practice spot two similar headings, brand a note of this. Information technology volition remind you lot to look at them both closely when you recollect one of them is the match.
4) Read the kickoff paragraph
Your aim is to identify the primary idea. Focus on the first one or ii sentences and the final sentence equally these will probably innovate and summarise this primary thought. Skim read the rest of the text. Y'all practise not demand to know the detail for this type of question.
Look out for whatever keywords yous underlined in the heading. Be aware that synonyms could exist used instead.
Note that occasionally a section will comprise more one paragraph. In this case, you'll need to discover the main idea in each paragraph.
five) Cull the matching heading
Now that you understand the main idea of the first paragraph, become back to the headings and select the best friction match. Where you have two possible headings, write them out one under the other to assist you focus in on the divergence between them.
Once yous take made your decision and filled in your reply, cross through the heading in pencil to eliminate information technology from further consideration.
6) Move on
As I mentioned in the tips above, if you're struggling to detect the correct heading, move on and come up back to it once yous've eliminated more than headings and have fewer to choose betwixt.
7) Repeat for all sections
Repeat these steps for each section of the text.
At present take a practice with one of the paragraphs (Department B) from the sample test paper. I've added the headings again beneath to brand it easier.
I advise that you lot focus on the first two sentences and the concluding one (I've underlined them), and then skim read the rest of the paragraph.
Source: Cambridge English – IELTS 12 Academic
The right answer is,
eight The possibility of attracting the incorrect kind of student
If you didn't get this, go dorsum and study the paragraph again and run into if yous can work out why information technology is the right match.
The more than you practice matching headings questions, the easier they will become. Cull the strategy that you detect works best for you and stick to it.
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